How to format your references using the Journal of Virology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Virology (JVI). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hardcastle MJ. 2011. Astronomy. Revealing the gamma-ray jet in a black hole binary. Science 332:429–430.

A journal article with 2 authors

Anversa P, Nadal-Ginard B. 2002. Myocyte renewal and ventricular remodelling. Nature 415:240–243.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wearn OR, Reuman DC, Ewers RM. 2012. Extinction debt and windows of conservation opportunity in the Brazilian Amazon. Science 337:228–232.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Clayden J, Lund A, Vallverdú L, Helliwell M. 2004. Ultra-remote stereocontrol by conformational communication of information along a carbon chain. Nature 431:966–971.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cannon CM. 2011. An Executive’s Guide to Fundraising Operations. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Poirier DR. 2016. Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Borgianni Y, Cascini G, Rotini F. 2012. Application of IPPR to the Reengineering Problems of Class 2, p. 107–128. In Borgianni, Y, Cascini, G (eds.), Re-engineering of Products and Processes: How to Achieve Global Success in the Changing Marketplace. Springer, London.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Virology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. 2017. China To Build New National Park 60% Bigger Than Yellowstone To Save The Siberian Tiger. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/china-to-build-new-national-park-60-bigger-than-yellowstone-to-save-the-siberian-tiger-/. Retrieved 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2011. Rail Transit: Reliability of FTA’s Rail Accident Database. GAO-11-217R. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Schreiber JS. 2016. Discursive constructions of decline: Narratives of illness and financial stress among residents in assisted living. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bromwich JE, Stack L. 2016. ‘Serial’ Podcast Figure Gets New Trial in a Murder He Says He Didn’t Commit. New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Virology
Abbreviation	J. Virol.
ISSN (print)	0022-538X
ISSN (online)	1098-5514
Scope	Insect Science Immunology Microbiology Virology