How to format your references using the Journal of Visual Languages and Computing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Visual Languages and Computing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

N. Fabian, Economics: support low-carbon investment, Nature 519 (2015) 27–29.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.S. Sachs, A.P. Geballe, Biochemistry. Sense and sensitivity--controlling the ribosome, Science 297 (2002) 1820–1821.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

I. Garrick-Bethell, F. Nimmo, M.A. Wieczorek, Structure and formation of the lunar farside highlands, Science 330 (2010) 949–951.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

X. Wang, M. Kruithof-de Julio, K.D. Economides, D. Walker, H. Yu, M.V. Halili, Y.-P. Hu, S.M. Price, C. Abate-Shen, M.M. Shen, A luminal epithelial stem cell that is a cell of origin for prostate cancer, Nature 461 (2009) 495–500.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D.G. Raheja, M. Allocco, Assurance Technologies Principles and Practices, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2006.

An edited book

[1]

A.F. Oberhauser, ed., Single-molecule Studies of Proteins, Springer, New York, NY, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

N. Nicolai, A. Crestani, Is There Still an Indication for Primary RPLND in Clinical Stage I Non-seminoma?, in: S. Krege (Ed.), Diagnosis and Management of Testicular Cancer: The European Point of View, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015: pp. 29–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Visual Languages and Computing.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, 10 Space Myths We Need to Stop Believing, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/space/10-space-myths-we-need-stop-believing/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Review of the Administration of Research and Demonstration Grants by the Rehabilitation Services Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1979.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Lopez, A community-based outreach program for Latinos in Los Angeles County supporting mental health awareness and treatment: A grant proposal, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Kishkovsky, A Homecoming for Balanchine; City Ballet Shows St. Petersburg That a Master’s Art Is Still Alive, New York Times (2003) E1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Abbreviation	J. Vis. Lang. Comput.
ISSN (print)	1045-926X
Scope	Language and Linguistics Computer Science Applications Human-Computer Interaction