How to format your references using the Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Aanen, D.K., 2014. Developmental Biology. How a long-lived fungus keeps mutations in check. Science 346, 922–923.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nogueiras, R., Tschöp, M., 2005. Biomedicine. Separation of conjoined hormones yields appetite rivals. Science 310, 985–986.

A journal article with 3 authors

Merico, A., Tyrrell, T., Wilson, P.A., 2008. Eocene/Oligocene ocean de-acidification linked to Antarctic glaciation by sea-level fall. Nature 452, 979–982.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dewan, R., Jovanov, V., Hamraz, S., Knipp, D., 2014. Analyzing periodic and random textured silicon thin film solar cells by Rigorous Coupled Wave Analysis. Sci. Rep. 4, 6029.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Candy, J.V., 2005. Model-Based Signal Processing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Fournais, S., 2010. Spectral Methods in Surface Superconductivity, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and Their Applications. Birkhäuser, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Vardeman, S., Kasprzyk, R., 2012. Applied Statistical Methods and the Chemical Industry, in: Kent, J.A. (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 131–154.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Man Suffering From Headaches Turns Out To Have A Rare Species Of TAPEWORM Living In His Brain [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/rare-parasitic-worm-wriggled-across-mans-brain-4-years/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2009. Telecommunications: Preliminary Observations about Consumer Satisfaction and Problems with Wireless Phone Service and FCC’s Efforts to Assist Consumers with Complaints (No. GAO-09-800T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Almasaari, A.H., 2017. Arab American women’s identity crises in Mohja Kahf’s “The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf” and Laila Halaby’s “West of the Jordan” (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Story, L., Walsh, M.W., 2010. U.S. Is Said To Seek Way To Cut Ties With A.I.G. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Aanen, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Aanen, 2014; Nogueiras and Tschöp, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nogueiras and Tschöp, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Dewan et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
Abbreviation	J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
ISSN (print)	0377-0273
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics