How to format your references using the Journalism Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journalism Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ciotti, Luca. 2009. “Galaxy Formation: Anatomy of Elliptical Galaxies.” Nature 460 (7253): 333–334.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, Xinan, and James H. Duncan. 2003. “The Effects of Surfactants on Spilling Breaking Waves.” Nature 421 (6922): 520–523.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, Guang, Feng Pan, and Wen-Biao Gan. 2009. “Stably Maintained Dendritic Spines Are Associated with Lifelong Memories.” Nature 462 (7275): 920–924.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Farrow, N., D. Miller, P. Cmielewski, M. Donnelley, R. Bright, and D. W. Parsons. 2013. “Airway Gene Transfer in a Non-Human Primate: Lentiviral Gene Expression in Marmoset Lungs.” Scientific Reports 3 (2013): 1287.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Desmond, Kathleen K. 2011. Ideas about Art. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Grana, Costantino, and Rita Cucchiara, eds. 2012. Multimedia for Cultural Heritage: First International Workshop, MM4CH 2011, Modena, Italy, May 3, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Vol. 247. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Stobbelaar, Derk Jan, and Karina Hendriks. 2007. “Seasonality of Agricultural Landscapes: Reading Time and Place by Colours and Shapes.” In Seasonal Landscapes, edited by Hannes Palang, Helen Sooväli, and Anu Printsmann, 103–126. Landscape Series. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journalism Studies.

Blog post

Hale, Tom. 2017. “Colossal Danish Wind Turbine Breaks 24-Hour Energy Output Record.” IFLScience, IFLScience, February 2.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2012. Federal Fleets: Overall Increase in Number of Vehicles Masks That Some Agencies Decreased Their Fleets. GAO-12-780. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Satterlee, Richard T. 2009. “A Case Study of Undergraduate Student Employment at a Private University: Exploring the Effects of Social Class and Institutional Context.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dominus, Susan. 2016. “Just Dance.” New York Times, July 20, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ciotti 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Ciotti 2009; Liu and Duncan 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Duncan 2003)
Three authors: (Yang, Pan, and Gan 2009)
4 or more authors: (Farrow et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journalism Studies
Abbreviation	Journal. Stud.
ISSN (print)	1461-670X
ISSN (online)	1469-9699
Scope	Communication