How to format your references using the Marine Geophysical Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Marine Geophysical Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bourzac K (2014) Biology: Three known unknowns. Nature 509:S69-71

A journal article with 2 authors

Novikov VN, Sokolov AP (2004) Poisson’s ratio and the fragility of glass-forming liquids. Nature 431:961–963

A journal article with 3 authors

Li CW, Ciston J, Kanan MW (2014) Electroreduction of carbon monoxide to liquid fuel on oxide-derived nanocrystalline copper. Nature 508:504–507

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kolber ZS, Van Dover CL, Niederman RA, Falkowski PG (2000) Bacterial photosynthesis in surface waters of the open ocean. Nature 407:177–179

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Weiss A (2009) Getting Started in Consulting. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Gilroy SW, Harrison MD (eds) (2006) Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification: 12th International Workshop, DSVIS 2005, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, July 13-15, 2005. Revised Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Kaplansky I (2013) Integers Uniquely Represented by Certain Ternary Forms. In: Graham RL, Nešetřil J, Butler S (eds) The Mathematics of Paul Erdős I. Springer, New York, NY, pp 71–79

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Marine Geophysical Research.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Thousands Of Relics Recovered From Ancient Mexican City. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1995) Managing Technology Change: Challenges and Opportunities for the United States Senate. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Campbell AB (2015) An analysis of the demography and habitat usage of Roatán’s spiny-tailed iguana, Ctenosaura oedirhina. Doctoral dissertation, Florida Atlantic University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines M (2014) It Only Seems That Political Corruption Is Rampant. New York Times A22

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bourzac 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Novikov and Sokolov 2004; Bourzac 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Novikov and Sokolov 2004)
Three or more authors: (Kolber et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Marine Geophysical Research
Abbreviation	Mar. Geophys. Res.
ISSN (print)	0025-3235
ISSN (online)	1573-0581
Scope	Geochemistry and Petrology Geophysics Oceanography