How to format your references using the Medical Engineering and Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Medical Engineering and Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Combes SA. Neuroscience: Dragonflies predict and plan their hunts. Nature 2015;517:279–80.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Uversky VN, Dunker AK. Biochemistry. Controlled chaos. Science 2008;322:1340–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Moses MJ, Fettinger JC, Eichhorn BW. Interpenetrating As20 fullerene and Ni12 icosahedra in the onion-skin [As@Ni12@As20]3- ion. Science 2003;300:778–80.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Falzarano D, de Wit E, Martellaro C, Callison J, Munster VJ, Feldmann H. Inhibition of novel β coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-α2b and ribavirin. Sci Rep 2013;3:1686.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Vanclef J. The Wealth Code 2.0. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Satoh S, Nack F, Etoh M, editors. Advances in Multimedia Modeling: 14th International Multimedia Modeling Conference, MMM 2008, Kyoto, Japan, January 9-11, 2008. Proceedings. vol. 4903. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Chin FYL, Fu B, Jiang M, Ting H-F, Zhang Y. Competitive Algorithms for Unbounded One-Way Trading. In: Gu Q, Hell P, Yang B, editors. Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: 10th International Conference, AAIM 2014, Vancouver, BC, Canada, July 8-11, 2014. Proceedings, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 32–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Medical Engineering and Physics.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. Check Out This Previously Unreleased Footage Of Nuclear Bomb Tests. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Analysis of NASA’s Fiscal Year 1983 Budget Request for Research and Development To Determine the Amount That Supports DOD’s Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Magner KA. Evaluation of admissions criteria and practices with regards to successful online learning styles and characteristics. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hanc J. A Marathon Back Door That Leads to a Cause. New York Times 2016:SP5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Medical Engineering and Physics
Abbreviation	Med. Eng. Phys.
ISSN (print)	1350-4533
Scope	Biophysics Biomedical Engineering