How to format your references using the Metabolism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Metabolism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Livingstone DA. Ecology. Global climate change strikes a tropical lake. Science 2003;301:468–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Mogk A, Bukau B. Cell biology. When the beginning marks the end. Science 2010;327:966–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Ogata H, Nishikawa K, Lubitz W. Hydrogens detected by subatomic resolution protein crystallography in a [NiFe] hydrogenase. Nature 2015;520:571–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Feng X, Gao X, Pan D-B, Li B-W, Zhang H. Unpinning of rotating spiral waves in cardiac tissues by circularly polarized electric fields. Sci Rep 2014;4:4831.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Duffy DJ. Introduction to C++ for Financial Engineers. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Embree L, Nenon T, editors. Husserl’s Ideen. vol. 66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Panopoulou E, Tambouris E, Tarabanis K. eParticipation Initiatives in Europe: Learning from Practitioners. In: Tambouris E, Macintosh A, Glassey O, editors. Electronic Participation: Second IFIP WG 8.5 International Conference, ePart 2010, Lausanne, Switzerland, August 29 – September 2, 2010. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010, p. 54–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Metabolism.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Teeny Tiny Snail Could Fit In A Needle’s Eye 10 Times. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/tiniest-land-snail-ever-found-fits-needles-eye-10-times/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Standards and Technology: Impact of Fee Increases on Measurement Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Shendge PN. Improvement in Estimation of Carrier Frequency Offset in Wireless Networks. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Vecsey G. Pujols Won’t Find Unconditional Love Anywhere Else. New York Times 2011:B17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Metabolism
Abbreviation	Metabolism
ISSN (print)	0026-0495
Scope	Endocrinology Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism