How to format your references using the Microbial Pathogenesis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Microbial Pathogenesis. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C.D.L. Wynne, Animal behaviour: fair refusal by capuchin monkeys, Nature 428 (2004) 140; discussion 140.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

D.M. Sigman, E.A. Boyle, Glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide, Nature 407 (2000) 859–869.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R. Fasel, M. Parschau, K.-H. Ernst, Amplification of chirality in two-dimensional enantiomorphous lattices, Nature 439 (2006) 449–452.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

E.M. Gallo, M.M. Winslow, K. Canté-Barrett, A.N. Radermacher, L. Ho, L. McGinnis, B. Iritani, J.R. Neilson, G.R. Crabtree, Calcineurin sets the bandwidth for discrimination of signals during thymocyte development, Nature 450 (2007) 731–735.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Z.-G. Wang, Internal Combustion Processes of Liquid Rocket Engines, John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

J. Straus, ed., The Role of Law and Ethics in the Globalized Economy, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Janvier, C. Bellieni, K. Barrington, Neonates Are Devalued Compared to Older Patients, in: E. Verhagen, A. Janvier (Eds.), Ethical Dilemmas for Critically Ill Babies, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2016: pp. 25–33.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Microbial Pathogenesis.

Blog post

[1]

R. Andrews, Underwater Robot Reveals Colorful Explosion Of Life Beneath Antarctica, IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Emergency Management: Most School Districts Have Developed Emergency Management Plans, but Would Benefit from Additional Federal Guidance, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.O. Colker, A grounded theory approach to developing a theory of leadership through a case study of ShoreBank, Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

N. Bernstein, Medicaid Shift Fuels Rush for Profitable Clients, New York Times (2014) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Microbial Pathogenesis
Abbreviation	Microb. Pathog.
ISSN (print)	0882-4010
Scope	Microbiology Infectious Diseases