How to format your references using the Modern Electronic Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Modern Electronic Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

S. Buratowski, Transcription. Gene expression--where to start?, Science 322 (2008) 1804–1805.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.L. Bland, M.J. Birnbaum, Cell biology. ADaPting to energetic stress, Science 332 (2011) 1387–1388.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M.V. Rockman, S.S. Skrovanek, L. Kruglyak, Selection at linked sites shapes heritable phenotypic variation in C. elegans, Science 330 (2010) 372–376.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Z. Ding, S. Liu, X. Wang, M. Khaidakov, Y. Dai, J.L. Mehta, Oxidant stress in mitochondrial DNA damage, autophagy and inflammation in atherosclerosis, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1077.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. Tardu, Transport and Coherent Structures in Wall Turbulence, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

P. Busch, Quantum Measurement, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Omosebi, R.S. Besser, Nanotechnology Innovations for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells for Micro Autonomous Systems, in: Y. Guo (Ed.), Selected Topics in Micro/Nano-Robotics for Biomedical Applications, Springer, New York, NY, 2013: pp. 45–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Modern Electronic Materials.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, Warming Seas Will Set Marine Life On The Move, With Some Good News Among The Bad, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/environment/warming-seas-will-set-marine-life-move-some-good-news-among-bad/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, No Child Left Behind Act: Education Actions May Help Improve Implementation and Evaluation of Supplemental Educational Services, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

X. Liao, Creative Learning for Intelligent Robots, Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

A.L. Baker, B. Mueller, A Shooting, the Hospital and Then, Months Later, a Homicide, New York Times (2016) A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Modern Electronic Materials
ISSN (print)	2452-1779
Scope