How to format your references using the Monash Bioethics Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Monash Bioethics Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McDonnell, Jeffrey J. 2015. Creating a research brand. Science (New York, N.Y.) 349: 758.

A journal article with 2 authors

Petro, James B., and David A. Relman. 2003. Public health. Understanding threats to scientific openness. Science (New York, N.Y.) 302: 1898.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gawronski, H., M. Mehlhorn, and K. Morgenstern. 2008. Imaging phonon excitation with atomic resolution. Science (New York, N.Y.) 319: 930–933.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Huang, Ming, Yuxin Zhang, Fei Li, Zhongchang Wang, Alamusi, Ning Hu, Zhiyu Wen, and Qing Liu. 2014. Merging of Kirkendall growth and Ostwald ripening: CuO@MnO2 core-shell architectures for asymmetric supercapacitors. Scientific reports 4: 4518.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hansen, Steen, Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard, and Knut Rasmussen. 2011. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Hota, Chittaranjan, and Pradip K. Srimani, ed. 2013. Distributed Computing and Internet Technology: 9th International Conference, ICDCIT 2013, Bhubaneswar, India, February 5-8, 2013. Proceedings. Vol. 7753. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Yanamandram, Venkat Mahesh Kumar, and Jitesh H. Panchal. 2014. Evaluating the Level of Openness in Open Source Hardware. In Product Development in the Socio-sphere: Game Changing Paradigms for 21st Century Breakthrough Product Development and Innovation, ed. Dirk Schaefer, 99–120. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Monash Bioethics Review.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. Robin Williams Had Dementia With Lewy Bodies – So, What Is It And Why Has It Been Eclipsed By Alzheimer’s? IFLScience. IFLScience. November 9.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2004. Illegal Alien Schoolchildren: Issues in Estimating State-by-State Costs. GAO-04-733. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Messian, Navid Moshe. 2012. The Spiral of Time: A Path to the Soul—Jewish Mystical and Depth Psychological Perspectives. Doctoral dissertation, Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, Michael. 1992. THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: The Overview; Bush Subtly Avoids Direct Attack Against Clinton on the Draft Issue. New York Times, September 16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McDonnell 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Petro and Relman 2003; McDonnell 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Petro and Relman 2003)
Three or more authors: (Huang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Monash Bioethics Review
Abbreviation	Monash Bioeth. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1321-2753
ISSN (online)	1836-6716
Scope	General Medicine