How to format your references using the Nature Reviews Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nature Reviews Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Power, S. B. Climate science: Expulsion from history. Nature 511, 38–39 (2014).

A journal article with 2 authors

Crespi, B. & Springer, S. Ecology. Social slime molds meet their match. Science 299, 56–57 (2003).

A journal article with 3 authors

Lightowlers, R. N., Taylor, R. W. & Turnbull, D. M. Mutations causing mitochondrial disease: What is new and what challenges remain? Science 349, 1494–1499 (2015).

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Singh, R. et al. Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism. Nature 458, 1131–1135 (2009).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lahdenmäki, T. & Leach, M. Relational Database Index Design and the Optimizers. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005).

An edited book

Work and Quality of Life: Ethical Practices in Organizations. (Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2012).

A chapter in an edited book

Kelm, B. M. et al. Detection, Grading and Classification of Coronary Stenoses in Computed Tomography Angiography. in Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2011: 14th International Conference, Toronto, Canada, September 18-22, 2011, Proceedings, Part III (eds. Fichtinger, G., Martel, A. & Peters, T.) 25–32 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nature Reviews Nephrology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Why so many domesticated mammals have floppy ears. IFLScience https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-so-many-domesticated-mammals-have-floppy-ears/ (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Evaluation of NASA Comments on Consolidated Space Operations Center. (1982).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Martinez, J. Effective nonprofit collaborative networks. (Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, 2013).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B. From Hockey 101 to a Ph.D. New York Times D1 (2017).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Nature Reviews Nephrology
Abbreviation	Nat. Rev. Nephrol.
ISSN (print)	1759-5061
ISSN (online)	1759-507X
Scope	Nephrology