How to format your references using the Neural Networks citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neural Networks. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Crouch, T. (2013). Harold Melvin Agnew (1921-2013). Nature, 503(7474), 40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sime, L. C., & Wolff, E. W. (2011). Antarctic accumulation seasonality. Nature, 479(7372), E1-2; author reply E2-4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Henry, G. T., Fortner, C. K., & Bastian, K. C. (2012). The effects of experience and attrition for novice high-school science and mathematics teachers. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335(6072), 1118–1121.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Vanhollebeke, B., De Muylder, G., Nielsen, M. J., Pays, A., Tebabi, P., Dieu, M., Raes, M., Moestrup, S. K., & Pays, E. (2008). A haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor conveys innate immunity to Trypanosoma brucei in humans. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5876), 677–681.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bécherrawy, T. (2012). Mechanical and Electromagnetic Vibrations and Waves. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Lee, S., Cho, H., Yoon, K.-J., & Lee, J. (Eds.). (2013). Intelligent Autonomous Systems 12: Volume 1 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference IAS-12, held June 26-29, 2012, Jeju Island, Korea (Vol. 193). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Brisson, J. A., & Davis, G. K. (2008). Pea Aphid. In C. Kole (Ed.), Genome Mapping and Genomics in Arthropods (pp. 59–67). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neural Networks.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, July 23). Single Tree Grows 40 Kinds Of Fruit. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). Ready Reserve Force: Ship Readiness Has Improved, but Other Concerns Remain (NSIAD-95-24). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stein, E. (2017). Oncology Summer Camp Attendance and Self-Esteem and Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors Among Pediatric Cancer Patients and Siblings [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M. W., & Mouawad, J. (2012, February 1). U.S. Pension Agency Pressures American Airlines. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Crouch, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Crouch, 2013; Sime & Wolff, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sime & Wolff, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Vanhollebeke et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Neural Networks
Abbreviation	Neural Netw.
ISSN (print)	0893-6080
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Neuroscience