How to format your references using the Nurse Education Today citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nurse Education Today. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Liedl, T., 2015. Nanotechnology: Pathfinder for DNA constructs. Nature 523, 412–413.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bshary, R., Grutter, A.S., 2006. Image scoring and cooperation in a cleaner fish mutualism. Nature 441, 975–978.

A journal article with 3 authors

Burke, M., Hsiang, S.M., Miguel, E., 2015. Global non-linear effect of temperature on economic production. Nature 527, 235–239.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liu, D., Lei, W., Qin, S., Chen, Y., 2014. Template-free synthesis of functional 3D BN architecture for removal of dyes from water. Sci. Rep. 4, 4453.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dallas, H.J., 2015. Mastering the Challenges of Leading change. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Marshall, A.W., 2007. Life Distributions: Structure of Nonparametric, Semiparametric, and Parametric Families, Springer Series in Statistics. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Hellmann, K., Rhomberg, W., 2011. Summary and Outlook, in: Hellmann, K., Rhomberg, W. (Eds.), Razoxane and Dexrazoxane - Two Multifunctional Agents: Experimental and Clinical Results. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 237–240.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nurse Education Today.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Microbial Enzymes “Eat” Cocaine, Could Be Novel Treatment For Abuse [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/microbial-enzymes-eat-cocaine-could-be-novel-treatment-abuse/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2010. Statewide Transportation Planning: Opportunities Exist to Transition to Performance-Based Planning and Federal Oversight (No. GAO-11-77). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brenner, D.S., 2015. The Phonetics of Mandarin Tones in Conversation (Doctoral dissertation). University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch, J., Kovaleski, S.F., Tavernise, S., 2017. Gunman Methodically Chased Gambling’s Highs. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Liedl, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Bshary and Grutter, 2006; Liedl, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bshary and Grutter, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nurse Education Today
Abbreviation	Nurse Educ. Today
ISSN (print)	0260-6917
Scope	General Nursing Education