How to format your references using the Nursing Inquiry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Nursing Inquiry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Holmes, Nick. 2008. “Immunology. A Splicing Switch for T Cells.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 321 (5889): 646–47.

A journal article with 2 authors

Veillette, André, and Dominique Davidson. 2014. “Immunology: When Lymphocytes Run out of Steam.” Nature 510 (7504): 222–23.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kolodner, Richard D., Don W. Cleveland, and Christopher D. Putnam. 2011. “Cancer. Aneuploidy Drives a Mutator Phenotype in Cancer.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 333 (6045): 942–43.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Ranson, Hilary, Charles Claudianos, Federica Ortelli, et al. 2002. “Evolution of Supergene Families Associated with Insecticide Resistance.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 298 (5591): 179–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Armaroli, Nicola, Vincenzo Balzani, and Nick Serpone. 2013. Powering Planet Earth. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Davies, William D., and Stanley Dubinsky, eds. 2007. New Horizons in the Analysis of Control and Raising. Vol. 71. Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory. Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Kabir, Khairul, Azzam Haidar, Stanimire Tomov, and Jack Dongarra. 2015. “On the Design, Development, and Analysis of Optimized Matrix-Vector Multiplication Routines for Coprocessors.” In High Performance Computing: 30th International Conference, ISC High Performance 2015, Frankfurt, Germany, July 12-16, 2015, Proceedings, edited by Julian M. Kunkel and Thomas Ludwig. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Nursing Inquiry.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Scientists Find World’s Oldest Fossilized Sperm In Antarctica.” IFLScience, IFLScience, July 15. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-find-world-s-oldest-fossilized-sperm-antarctica/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1992. Federal Research: Assessment of the Financial Audit for SEMATECH’s Activities in 1991. RCED-93-50. U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chan, Antoni Bert. 2008. “Beyond Dynamic Textures: A Family of Stochastic Dynamical Models for Video with Applications to Computer Vision.” Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, Mary. 2013. “For Some Players, Tax Ensures a Loss Even After a Win.” New York Times, December 12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Holmes 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Holmes 2008; Veillette and Davidson 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Veillette and Davidson 2014)
Three authors: (Kolodner et al. 2011)
4 or more authors: (Ranson et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Nursing Inquiry
Abbreviation	Nurs. Inq.
ISSN (print)	1320-7881
ISSN (online)	1440-1800
Scope	General Nursing