How to format your references using the Petroleum Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Petroleum Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Greely, H.T., 2011. Get ready for the flood of fetal gene screening. Nature 469, 289–291.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tikhonov, V.I., Volkov, A.A., 2002. Separation of water into its ortho and para isomers. Science 296, 2363.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shay, J.W., Reddel, R.R., Wright, W.E., 2012. Cancer. Cancer and telomeres--an ALTernative to telomerase. Science 336, 1388–1390.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Peer, D., Park, E.J., Morishita, Y., Carman, C.V., Shimaoka, M., 2008. Systemic leukocyte-directed siRNA delivery revealing cyclin D1 as an anti-inflammatory target. Science 319, 627–630.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

King, A.M., 2011. Internal Control of Fixed Assets. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Babin, A., 2016. Neoclassical Theory of Electromagnetic Interactions: A Single Theory for Macroscopic and Microscopic Scales, Theoretical and Mathematical Physics. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Strubbe, S., Langerak, R., 2005. A Composition Operator for Systems with Active and Passive Actions, in: Wang, F. (Ed.), Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems - FORTE 2005: 25th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, October 2-5, 2005. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 24–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Petroleum Research.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2015. Terrifying New Giant Raptor Had Huge Killing Claw And Large Wingspan [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1976. Methodology Used in Lease-Versus-Purchase Decision for Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (No. LCD-76-127). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rich, D.W., 2009. Examining the relationship of values-based management in performance evaluations (Doctoral dissertation). Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B., 2017. A Martyr So Sure of Herself. New York Times C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Greely, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Greely, 2011; Tikhonov and Volkov, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tikhonov and Volkov, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Peer et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Petroleum Research
ISSN (print)	2096-2495
Scope