How to format your references using the Political Geography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Political Geography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ma, X. (2015). Palaeontology: Hallucigenia’s head. Nature, 523(7558), 38–39.

A journal article with 2 authors

Land, M. F., & Osorio, D. (2014). Physiology. Extraordinary color vision. Science (New York, N.Y.), 343(6169), 381–382.

A journal article with 3 authors

Stebe, K. J., Lewandowski, E., & Ghosh, M. (2009). Materials science. Oriented assembly of metamaterials. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5937), 159–160.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Suárez, G., Santschi, C., Slaveykova, V. I., & Martin, O. J. F. (2013). Sensing the dynamics of oxidative stress using enhanced absorption in protein-loaded random media. Scientific Reports, 3, 3447.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Roeder, T. (2013). Managing Project Stakeholders. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Chetouani, M., Hussain, A., Gas, B., Milgram, M., & Zarader, J.-L. (Eds.). (2007). Advances in Nonlinear Speech Processing: International Conference on Non-Linear Speech Processing, NOLISP 2007 Paris, France, May 22-25, 2007 Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 4885). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Mourek, J., & Miko, L. (2010). Ontogeny of the famulus in selected members of Damaeidae (Acari: Oribatida) and its suitability as a phylogenetic marker. In M. W. Sabelis & J. Bruin (Eds.), Trends in Acarology: Proceedings of the 12th International Congress (pp. 31–36). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Political Geography.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, June 2). This Star is About to Swallow Two Planets. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/star-about-swallow-two-planets/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2016). Information Technology: FEMA Needs to Address Management Weaknesses to Improve Its Systems (GAO-16-306). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Heffner, M. D. (2017). Informing Decision-Making for Derailments Involving Hazmat: An Analysis of Phmsa Train Accident Data [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, J. (2017, July 9). Age Requirement At Chelsea Art Gallery: Over 60 Only. New York Times, A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ma, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Land & Osorio, 2014; Ma, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Land & Osorio, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Suárez et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Political Geography
Abbreviation	Polit. Geogr.
ISSN (print)	0962-6298
Scope	History Geography, Planning and Development Sociology and Political Science