How to format your references using the Preventive Veterinary Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Preventive Veterinary Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wellman, B., 2001. Computer networks as social networks. Science 293, 2031–2034.

A journal article with 2 authors

Smetacek, V., Mechsner, F., 2004. Making sense. Nature 432, 21.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gu, L., Koymen, A.R., Mohanty, S.K., 2014. Crystalline magnetic carbon nanoparticle assisted photothermal delivery into cells using CW near-infrared laser beam. Sci. Rep. 4, 5106.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang, Y., Hu, Y., Meng, J., Li, C., 2001. An ossified Meckel’s cartilage in two Cretaceous mammals and origin of the mammalian middle ear. Science 294, 357–361.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Conrick, C., IV, Hanson, S., 2013. Vertical Option Spreads. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Li, X., Pan, J. (Eds.), 2013. China Green Development Index Report 2011, Current Chinese Economic Report Series. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Li, X., Mao, Y., 2016. Sharp Bounds of the Generalized (Edge-)Connectivity, in: Mao, Y. (Ed.), Generalized Connectivity of Graphs, SpringerBriefs in Mathematics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 41–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Preventive Veterinary Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. The Unknown Crocodiles [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/unknown-crocodiles/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2002. Space Transportation: Challenges Facing NASA’s Space Launch Initiative (No. GAO-02-1020). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gilbert, C., 2017. Factors Associated With Dietetic Interns’ Knowledge of Sodium and the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Protess, B., Ivory, D., 2016. Bill to Weaken Dodd-Frank’s Rules on Private Equity Nears House Vote. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wellman, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Smetacek and Mechsner, 2004; Wellman, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Smetacek and Mechsner, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Wang et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Preventive Veterinary Medicine
Abbreviation	Prev. Vet. Med.
ISSN (print)	0167-5877
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Food Animals