How to format your references using the Progress in Aerospace Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Aerospace Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A. Schleicher, Education. Assessing literacy across a changing world, Science 328 (2010) 433–434.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

E.J. Cunningham, A.F. Russell, Egg investment is influenced by male attractiveness in the mallard, Nature 404 (2000) 74–77.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. Yuasa, T. Nagahama, Y. Suzuki, Spin-polarized resonant tunneling in magnetic tunnel junctions, Science 297 (2002) 234–237.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Q.M. Zhang, H. Li, M. Poh, F. Xia, Z.-Y. Cheng, H. Xu, C. Huang, An all-organic composite actuator material with a high dielectric constant, Nature 419 (2002) 284–287.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Vaughan, N. Robinson, N. Lucas, S. Arulkumaran, Handbook of Obstetric High Dependency Care, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

S. Kapur, S. Erşahin, eds., Soil Security for Ecosystem Management: Mediterranean Soil Ecosystems 1, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

C. Baldwin, Who needs Fact when you’ve got Narrative? The Case of P,C&S vs. United Kingdom, in: W. Werner, D. Cao (Eds.), Interpretation, Law and the Construction of Meaning: Collected Papers on Legal Interpretation in Theory, Adjudication and Political Practice, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2007: pp. 85–108.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Aerospace Sciences.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Crows Intelligence Rivals Human Children, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/crows-intelligence-rivals-human-children/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, James Webb Space Telescope: Project on Track but May Benefit from Improved Contractor Data to Better Understand Costs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A. Sommer, How Experiences Influence and Inform School Principals’ Actions to Further Develop Teachers’ Instructional Practice, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by, Arts, Briefly; Shopping Picasso, New York Times (2006) B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Aerospace Sciences
Abbreviation	Prog. Aerosp. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0376-0421
Scope	Aerospace Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials