How to format your references using the Raptor Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Raptor Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chambers J 2009: Planetary science: Archaeology of the asteroid belt. Nature 460(7258): 963–964.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rathmell JC & Newgard CB 2009: Biochemistry. A glucose-to-gene link. Science (New York, N.Y.) 324(5930): 1021–1022.

A journal article with 3 authors

Levin EJ, Quick M & Zhou M 2009: Crystal structure of a bacterial homologue of the kidney urea transporter. Nature 462(7274): 757–761.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Inoue D, Ohe M, Kanemori Y, Nobui T & Sagata N 2007: A direct link of the Mos-MAPK pathway to Erp1/Emi2 in meiotic arrest of Xenopus laevis eggs. Nature 446(7139): 1100–1104.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

D’Andrea A & Sjogren J 2013: Veterinary Technician’s Large Animal Daily Reference Guide. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Long S & Dhillon BS (eds) 2015: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Man–Machine–Environment System Engineering, volume 356. 1st ed. 2015. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. XXIV, 720 p. 186 illus., 111 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Alkan BB & Atakan C 2014: Comparison of Principal Component Analysis Biplots Based on Different Robust Covariance Matrix Estimates, 29–34. In: Banerjee S & ŞŞ Erçetin (eds), Chaos, Complexity and Leadership 2012. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Raptor Journal.

Blog post

Andrew D 2016: Three Ways Organic Electronics Is Changing Technology As We Know It. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/physics/three-ways-organic-electronics-is-changing-technology-as-we-know-it/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1976: The Legislative Focus on Federal ADP Procurement and GAO’s Role. No. 100061. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCallum-Bonar C 2008: Black Ashkenaz And the Almost Promised Land: Yiddish Literature and the Harlem Renaissance. Doctoral dissertation Ohio State University Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B 2017: Marginalized Souls, Magnified.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chambers 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Chambers 2009; Rathmell & Newgard 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rathmell & Newgard 2009)
Three or more authors: (Inoue et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Raptor Journal
ISSN (online)	2644-5247
Scope