How to format your references using the Research in Gerontological Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Gerontological Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cassman M. Computational biology. Counting on the neuron. Science. 2003;300(5620):756-757.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hall PS, Kincaid C. Diapiric flow at subduction zones: a recipe for rapid transport. Science. 2001;292(5526):2472-2475.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sousa-Nunes R, Yee LL, Gould AP. Fat cells reactivate quiescent neuroblasts via TOR and glial insulin relays in Drosophila. Nature. 2011;471(7339):508-512.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Jin Z, Gao L, Zhou Q, Wang J. High-performance flexible ultraviolet photoconductors based on solution-processed ultrathin ZnO/Au nanoparticle composite films. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4268.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fernando XN. Radio Over Fiber for Wireless Communications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Chen L, Yung M, eds. Trusted Systems: First International Conference, INTRUST 2009, Beijing, China, December 17-19, 2009. Revised Selected Papers. Vol 6163. Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Inderbitzin M, Walraven T, Anderson J. Leading by Example: Ways That Prisoners Give Back to Their Communities. In: Abrams LS, Hughes E, Inderbitzin M, Meek R, eds. The Voluntary Sector in Prisons: Encouraging Personal and Institutional Change. Palgrave Macmillan US; 2016:85-114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Gerontological Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew D. Mexico Is Using Drones To Protect Sea Turtle Nests. IFLScience. August 24, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/drones-used-sea-turtle-conservation-effort-0/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Airspace System: Emerging Technologies May Offer Alternatives to the Instrument Landing System. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Martin JC. Tbx18 and the Epicardium in Cardiac Development and Regenerative Medicine. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Syndergaard Brings the Heat, and the Mets’ Bats End Their Chilly Start. New York Times. April 10, 2017:D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Gerontological Nursing
Abbreviation	Res. Gerontol. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1940-4921
ISSN (online)	1938-2464
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Health Policy Gerontology