How to format your references using the Results in Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Results in Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Torres-Reveron A. Hispanic people start leaping over barriers to better jobs. Nature 2009;460:949.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Sheppard SS, Trujillo CA. A thick cloud of Neptune Trojans and their colors. Science 2006;313:511–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Gilg O, Hanski I, Sittler B. Cyclic dynamics in a simple vertebrate predator-prey community. Science 2003;302:866–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Xing X, Yu Y, Li S, Huang X. How do spin waves pass through a bend? Sci Rep 2013;3:2958.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Reschetilowski W. Technisch-Chemisches Praktikum. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2002.

An edited book

[1]

Rondo-Brovetto P, Saliterer I, editors. The University as a Business? Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Poggio T. Hierarchical Learning Machines and Neuroscience of Visual Cortex. In: Balcázar JL, Bonchi F, Gionis A, Sebag M, editors. Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: European Conference, ECML PKDD 2010, Barcelona, Spain, September 20-24, 2010, Proceedings, Part I, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010, p. 5–5.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Results in Physics.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Chimpanzees Less Stressed With Friends By Their Side. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: Factors Affecting Involvement in Vehicle Crashes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Williams K. Riot Bias: A Textual Analysis of Pussy Riot’s Coverage in Russian and American Media. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Rothenberg B. Young Stars Climb Rankings, Jolting Russia’s Dormant Men’s Game to Life. New York Times 2017:B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Results in Physics
Abbreviation	Results Phys.
ISSN (print)	2211-3797
Scope	General Physics and Astronomy