How to format your references using the Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mayhew, J. E. W. (2003). Neuroscience. A measured look at neuronal oxygen consumption. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5609), 1023–1024.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gibbs, R. A., & Nelson, D. L. (2003). Human genetics. Primate shadow play. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5611), 1331–1333.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nilewski, C., Geisser, R. W., & Carreira, E. M. (2009). Total synthesis of a chlorosulpholipid cytotoxin associated with seafood poisoning. Nature, 457(7229), 573–576.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Yasunaga, M., Furuta, M., Ogata, K., Koga, Y., Yamamoto, Y., Takigahira, M., & Matsumura, Y. (2013). The significance of microscopic mass spectrometry with high resolution in the visualisation of drug distribution. Scientific Reports, 3, 3050.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kadane, J. B., & Schum, D. A. (1997). A Probabilistic Analysis of the Sacco and Vanzetti Evidence: Kadane/A Probabilistic. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wooldridge, D. (2010). The Business of iPhone App Development: Making and Marketing Apps that Succeed (M. Schneider, C. Andres, S. Anglin, M. Beckner, E. Buckingham, G. Cornell, J. Gennick, J. Hassell, M. Lowman, M. Moodie, D. Parkes, J. Pepper, F. Pohlmann, D. Pundick, B. Renow-Clarke, D. Shakeshaft, M. Wade, T. Welsh, K. Moritz, & K. Wimpsett, Eds.). Apress.

A chapter in an edited book

Molenkamp, F. (2006). Effective Stress Formulation of Unsaturated Soil Mechanics. In W. Wu & H.-S. Yu (Eds.), Modern Trends in Geomechanics (pp. 61–75). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2016, September 28). World’s Oldest Muscle-Fibre Fossil Reveals The Origin Of Legs. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/worlds-oldest-muscle-fibre-fossil-reveals-the-origin-of-legs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2009). Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Fiscal Year 2009 Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes (GAO-10-92R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nawpar, R. T. (2010). Uranyl glass for thermometry [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, M. J. O. (2015, July 17). The Best-Seller List 55 Years Ago. New York Times, C24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mayhew, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Gibbs & Nelson, 2003; Mayhew, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gibbs & Nelson, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Yasunaga et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research
Abbreviation	Scand. J. Educ. Res.
ISSN (print)	0031-3831
ISSN (online)	1470-1170
Scope	Education