How to format your references using the Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems (SJIS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith, O., (2001). Chemistry. Nota bene: know thine enemy. Science (New York, N.Y.), (294:5545): 1298.

A journal article with 2 authors

Meacham, C. E., and Morrison, S. J., (2013). Tumour heterogeneity and cancer cell plasticity. Nature, (501:7467): 328–337.

A journal article with 3 authors

Colley, D. G., LoVerde, P. T., and Savioli, L., (2001). Infectious disease. Medical helminthology in the 21st century. Science (New York, N.Y.), (293:5534): 1437–1438.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Lu, H., Seo, Y.-T., Lee, J.-W., Moudrakovski, I., Ripmeester, J. A., Chapman, N. R., Coffin, R. B., Gardner, G., and Pohlman, J., (2007). Complex gas hydrate from the Cascadia margin. Nature, (445:7125): 303–306.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McBain, G. D., (2012). Theory of Lift, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Tanishita, K., and Yamamoto, K., eds., (2016). Vascular Engineering: New Prospects of Vascular Medicine and Biology with a Multidiscipline Approach, 1st ed. 2016., Springer Japan, Tokyo.

A chapter in an edited book

Howie, G., (2015). Dioramas as Constructs of Reality: Art, Photography, and the Discursive Space. In: Natural History Dioramas: History, Construction and Educational Role, S. D. Tunnicliffe and A. Scheersoi (eds.), Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 39–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems.

Blog post

Andrew, E., (2015, May 26). Scientists At Work: Tracing The Origin Of Ancient Water Flows On Mars In the Lab. IFLScience, IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, (2016). Highway Bridges: Linking Funding to Conditions May Help Demonstrate Impact of Federal Investment, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Graham, H. H., (2010). Leadership as co-influencing: A heuristic narrative study of dynamic co-emergence within the leadership relationship, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin, J., (2017, August 14). Netflix Signs New Deal With Rhimes. New York Times, p. C1, p. C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smith 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Smith 2001; Meacham and Morrison 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Meacham and Morrison 2013)
Three or more authors: (Lu et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems
ISSN (print)	0905-0167
ISSN (online)	1901-0990
Scope