How to format your references using the SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Markov, I.L. 2014. Limits on fundamental limits to computation 512, 147–154.

A journal article with 2 authors

Feng, W., Takemoto, K. 2014. Heterogeneity in ecological mutualistic networks dominantly determines community stability 4, 5912.

A journal article with 3 authors

Della Negra, M., Jenni, P., Virdee, T.S. 2012. Journey in the search for the Higgs boson: the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider 338, 1560–1568.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhu, M., Zhao, W., Jia, L., Lu, J., Qiao, T., Qu, Q. 2009. The oldest articulated osteichthyan reveals mosaic gnathostome characters 458, 469–474.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kukushkin, A. 2004. Radio Wave Propagation in the Marine Boundary Layer (Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA),.

An edited book

Mumtaz, S., Rodriguez, J., Katz, M., Wang, C., Nascimento, A., editors. 2015. Wireless Internet: 8th International Conference, WICON 2014, Lisbon, Portugal, November 13-14, 2014, Revised Selected Papers (Cham: Springer International Publishing),.

A chapter in an edited book

Dührkop, K., Ludwig, M., Meusel, M., Böcker, S. 2013. Faster Mass Decomposition In Algorithms in Bioinformatics: 13th International Workshop, WABI 2013, Sophia Antipolis, France, September 2-4, 2013. Proceedings, A. Darling, J. Stoye, eds. (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), pp. 45–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. These Simulations Let You Visualize What It Would Look Like If The The Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hit Your City [Internet] IFLScience),.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Readiness of Medicare and the Health Care Sector (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office),. Report No.: T-AIMD-99-160.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bernal, E. 2013. Ethnographic research of emergent cultural themes from technology-based informal education in a museum Doctoral dissertation [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach),.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik, J. 2016. TV’s United States of ‘Sieg Heil’ , C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Markov 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Feng and Takemoto 2014; Markov 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Feng and Takemoto 2014)
Three or more authors: (Zhu et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences
ISSN (print)	1674-7313
ISSN (online)	1869-1897
Scope