How to format your references using the Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rosset P. Preventing hunger: change economic policy. Nature. 2011 Nov 23;479(7374):472–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stebbins CE, Galán JE. Maintenance of an unfolded polypeptide by a cognate chaperone in bacterial type III secretion. Nature. 2001 Nov 1;414(6859):77–81.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dubi Y, Meir Y, Avishai Y. Nature of the superconductor-insulator transition in disordered superconductors. Nature. 2007 Oct 18;449(7164):876–80.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Friml J, Wiśniewska J, Benková E, Mendgen K, Palme K. Lateral relocation of auxin efflux regulator PIN3 mediates tropism in Arabidopsis. Nature. 2002 Feb 14;415(6873):806–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cofnas A. Trading Binary Options. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Vinh PC, Barolli L, editors. Nature of Computation and Communication: Second International Conference, ICTCC 2016, Rach Gia, Vietnam, March 17-18, 2016, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Günther E, Kaulich S. Measuring Environmental Performance with EPM-KOMPAS Software Tool — Material Flow Analyses, Environmental Assessment and Success Control. In: Wagner B, Enzler S, editors. Material Flow Management: Improving Cost Efficiency and Environmental Performance. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD; 2006. p. 57–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices.

Blog post

Luntz S. Martian Crater And Blast Zone Formed In The Last Three Years. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Evaluation of the Office of Economic Opportunity’s Performance Contracting Experiment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973 May. Report No.: B-130515.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kong C. Formal Methods Applied to the Specification of an Active Network Node [Doctoral dissertation]. [Cincinnati, OH]: University of Cincinnati; 2001.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B. Universal’s Deal for Prince’s Songwriting Rights May Bring a Wider Audience. New York Times. 2016 Nov 2;B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rosset 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Rosset 2011; Stebbins and Galán 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stebbins and Galán 2001)
Three or more authors: (Friml et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices
Abbreviation	Sci. Phone Apps Mob. Devices
ISSN (online)	2364-4958
Scope