How to format your references using the Smart Water citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Smart Water. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rice SA (2000) Optical control of reactions. Nature 403:496–497

A journal article with 2 authors

Kind R, Yuan X (2010) Geophysics. Seismic images of the biggest crash on Earth. Science 329:1479–1480

A journal article with 3 authors

Weng L, Menczer F, Ahn Y-Y (2013) Virality prediction and community structure in social networks. Sci Rep 3:2522

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Di Rosa I, Simoncelli F, Fagotti A, Pascolini R (2007) Ecology: the proximate cause of frog declines? Nature 447:E4-5; discussion E5-6

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Glisic SG (2011) Advanced Wireless Communications & Internet. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Dingsøyr T, Moe NB, Tonelli R, et al (eds) (2014) Agile Methods. Large-Scale Development, Refactoring, Testing, and Estimation: XP 2014 International Workshops, Rome, Italy, May 26-30, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Le Cadre H, Bouhtou M, Tuffin B (2009) A Pricing Model for a Mobile Network Operator Sharing Limited Resource with a Mobile Virtual Network Operator. In: Reichl P, Stiller B, Tuffin B (eds) Network Economics for Next Generation Networks: 6th International Workshop on Internet Charging and Qos Technologies, ICQT 2009, Aachen, Germany, May 11-15, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 24–35

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Smart Water.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) In The Path Of The Polar Bears: What It’s Like To Be An Arctic Scientist. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1979) Federal Program To Strengthen Developing Institutions of Higher Education Lacks Direction. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cuellar D (2011) Impact of boring insects on the reproductive success of Hesperoyucca whipplei (Our Lord’s candle). Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B (2017) Youth Retreats as Women’s Draw Highlights an Age of Thirtysomethings. New York Times D3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rice 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Rice 2000; Kind and Yuan 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kind and Yuan 2010)
Three or more authors: (Di Rosa et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Smart Water
Abbreviation	Smart Water
ISSN (online)	2198-2619
Scope