How to format your references using the Sociological Theory citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sociological Theory. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stremlau, Matthew. 2007. “GE Prize-Winning Essay. Why Old World Monkeys Are Resistant to HIV-1.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 318(5856):1565–66.

A journal article with 2 authors

Louf, Rémi, and Marc Barthelemy. 2014. “How Congestion Shapes Cities: From Mobility Patterns to Scaling.” Scientific Reports 4:5561.

A journal article with 3 authors

Alby, Kevin, Dana Schaefer, and Richard J. Bennett. 2009. “Homothallic and Heterothallic Mating in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida Albicans.” Nature 460(7257):890–93.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang, Weijia, Dong Soon Choi, Yen H. Nguyen, Jenny Chang, and Lidong Qin. 2013. “Studying Cancer Stem Cell Dynamics on PDMS Surfaces for Microfluidics Device Design.” Scientific Reports 3:2332.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gray, Richard. 2011. A History of American Literature. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Martínez-López, Francisco J., Juan Carlos Gázquez-Abad, and Raj Sethuraman, eds. 2015. Advances in National Brand and Private Label Marketing: Second International Conference, 2015. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Kunusch, Cristian, Paul Puleston, and Miguel Mayosky. 2012. “Assessment of SOSM Techniques Applied to Fuel Cells. Case Study: Electric Vehicle Stoichiometry Control.” Pp. 73–103 in Sliding-Mode Control of PEM Fuel Cells, Advances in Industrial Control, edited by P. Puleston and M. Mayosky. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sociological Theory.

Blog post

Luntz, Stephen. 2014. “Why Is The Sun’s Atmosphere So Much Hotter Than Its Surface?” IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/why-suns-atmosphere-so-much-hotter-its-surface/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2001. Tax Systems Modernization: Results of Review of IRS’ Third Expenditure Plan. GAO-01-227. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stewart, Aaron R. 2009. “Entrepreneurial Perception: A Survey of Graduates of a Global Management MBA Program.” Doctoral dissertation, Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman, James. 2017. “Deal Set to Provide Care For Research Chimps.” New York Times, May 30, A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stremlau 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Louf and Barthelemy 2014; Stremlau 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Louf and Barthelemy 2014)
Three authors: (Alby, Schaefer, and Bennett 2009)
4 or more authors: (Zhang et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sociological Theory
ISSN (print)	0735-2751
Scope	Sociology and Political Science