How to format your references using the Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Shelton JD. Ensuring health in universal health coverage. Nature 2013;493:453.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Li X, Xu J. Dietary and circulating lycopene and stroke risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sci Rep 2014;4:5031.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Glover JD, Reganold JP, Cox CM. Agriculture: Plant perennials to save Africa’s soils. Nature 2012;489:359–61.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Nagai S, Dubrana K, Tsai-Pflugfelder M, Davidson MB, Roberts TM, Brown GW, et al. Functional targeting of DNA damage to a nuclear pore-associated SUMO-dependent ubiquitin ligase. Science 2008;322:597–602.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lee Abbott M, McKinney J. Understanding and Applying Research Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Chang M, Kuo R, Kinshuk, Chen G-D, Hirose M, editors. Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development: 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games, Edutainment 2009, Banff, Canada, August 9-11, 2009. Proceedings. vol. 5670. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Terboven C, an Mey D, Sarholz S. OpenMP on Multicore Architectures. In: Chapman B, Zheng W, Gao GR, Sato M, Ayguadé E, Wang D, editors. A Practical Programming Model for the Multi-Core Era: 3rd International Workshop on OpenMP, IWOMP 2007, Beijing, China, June 3-7, 2007 Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008, p. 54–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Humans Killed Almost Three Million Whales During 20th Century. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Railroad Regulation: Current Issues Associated With the Rate Relief Process. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Pezzolesi MG. Novel Mechanisms of PTEN Dysfunction in PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndromes. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wines M, Shorey R. Inside the Uproar Over a Government-Led Search for Voter Fraud. New York Times 2017:A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
Abbreviation	Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0267-7261
Scope	Soil Science Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering