How to format your references using the Structural Safety citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Structural Safety. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Frierson DMW. Atmospheric science. Frictional dissipation--blame it on the rain. Science 2012;335:925–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Mesmin B, Antonny B. Cell biology. Vitamin currency in a lipid exchange market. Science 2013;340:1051–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Perlo J, Casanova F, Blümich B. Ex situ NMR in highly homogeneous fields: 1H spectroscopy. Science 2007;315:1110–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Tylewicz S, Petterle A, Marttila S, Miskolczi P, Azeez A, Singh RK, et al. Photoperiodic control of seasonal growth is mediated by ABA acting on cell-cell communication. Science 2018;360:212–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

O’Gorman TW. Adaptive Tests of Significance Using Permutations of Residuals with R and SAS®. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Gorenflo R. Mittag-Leffler Functions, Related Topics and Applications: Theory and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ruivo P, Oliveira T, Neto M. ERP Post-adoption: Use and Value – An Empirical Study on Portuguese SMEs. In: Rahman H, Mesquita A, Ramos I, Pernici B, editors. Knowledge and Technologies in Innovative Information Systems: 7th Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems, MCIS 2012, Guimaraes, Portugal, September 8-10, 2012. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012, p. 67–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Structural Safety.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B. Designer Brain Receptors May Stop Recovering Cocaine Addicts From Relapsing. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Accounting System for Research and Development, Army Natick Laboratories. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Dolan DJ. Structural Evolution of Martin Crater Thaumasia Planum, Mars. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Brantley B. Hot for a Dairy Queen Sign. New York Times 2017:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Structural Safety
Abbreviation	Struct. Saf.
ISSN (print)	0167-4730
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Building and Construction