How to format your references using the Telemedicine and e-Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Telemedicine and e-Health (TMJ). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Van Swygenhoven H. Polycrystalline materials. Grain boundaries and dislocations. Science 2002;296(5565):66–67.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lin CD, Chu W-C. Physics. Controlling atomic line shapes. Science 2013;340(6133):694–695.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schieber J, Krinsley D, Riciputi L. Diagenetic origin of quartz silt in mudstones and implications for silica cycling. Nature 2000;406(6799):981–985.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Merckx T, Souffreau C, Kaiser A, et al. Body-size shifts in aquatic and terrestrial urban communities. Nature 2018;558(7708):113–116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baher H. Signal Processing and Integrated Circuits. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK; 2012.

An edited book

Paul C, Habib M, (eds). Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science: 35th International Workshop, WG 2009, Montpellier, France, June 24-26, 2009. Revised Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Yin P, Ye M, Lee W-C, et al. Mining GPS Data for Trajectory Recommendation. In: Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: 18th Pacific-Asia Conference, PAKDD 2014, Tainan, Taiwan, May 13-16, 2014. Proceedings, Part II. (Tseng VS, Ho TB, Zhou Z-H, et al. eds). Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer International Publishing: Cham; 2014; pp. 50–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Telemedicine and e-Health.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. This May Be The First Failed Supernova We’ve Ever Found. IFLScience; 2017. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-may-be-the-first-failed-supernova-weve-ever-found/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Gulf War Illnesses: Federal Research Efforts Have Waned, and Research Findings Have Not Been Reassessed. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith JM. (Un)Working Binaries, (Un)Doing Privilege: Narratives of Teachers Who Make Safe Spaces for LGBTQ Students. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University: Columbus, OH; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eligon J. A Black-and-White Issue. New York Times 2017;AR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Telemedicine and e-Health
ISSN (print)	1530-5627
ISSN (online)	1556-3669
Scope