How to format your references using the The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Regalbuto JR (2009) Engineering. Cellulosic biofuels--got gasoline? Science 325:822–824

A journal article with 2 authors

Sun Z-W, Allis CD (2002) Ubiquitination of histone H2B regulates H3 methylation and gene silencing in yeast. Nature 418:104–108

A journal article with 3 authors

Johnson DDP, Stopka P, Knights S (2003) Sociology: The puzzle of human cooperation. Nature 421:911–2; discussion 912

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Yang L, Wang S, Blinn K, et al (2009) Enhanced sulfur and coking tolerance of a mixed ion conductor for SOFCs: BaZr(0.1)Ce(0.7)Y(0.2-x)Yb(x)O(3-delta). Science 326:126–129

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Korhonen J, Savolainen T, Soininen J (2013) Deploying IPv6 in 3GPP Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Kozai T, Fujiwara K, Runkle ES (2016) LED Lighting for Urban Agriculture. Springer, Singapore

A chapter in an edited book

Muhammad A, Wiratunga N, Lothian R (2015) Context-Aware Sentiment Analysis of Social Media. In: Gaber MM, Cocea M, Wiratunga N, Goker A (eds) Advances in Social Media Analysis. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 87–104

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Your Gut Bacteria Don’t Like Junk Food – Even If You Do. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/your-gut-bacteria-don-t-junk-food-even-if-you-do/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) DOD Aviator Positions: Training Requirements and Incentive Pay Could Be Reduced. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chandwasker T (2016) Comparison of ad-hoc on demand distance vector and enhanced-ad-hoc on demand distance vector on vehicular ad-hoc networks. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz J (2016) 400. New York Times D3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
Abbreviation	Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1569-5794
ISSN (online)	1573-0743
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging