How to format your references using the The Journal of Immunology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Immunology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. de Massy, B. 2014. Human genetics. Hidden features of human hotspots. Science 346: 808–809.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Boolchand, P., and W. J. Bresser. 2001. Mobile silver ions and glass formation in solid electrolytes. Nature 410: 1070–1073.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Regenauer-Lieb, K., R. F. Weinberg, and G. Rosenbaum. 2006. The effect of energy feedbacks on continental strength. Nature 442: 67–70.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Xie, J., G. Xu, J. Wang, S. Zhang, F. Zhang, Y. Li, C. Han, and L. Li. 2014. Addition of visual noise boosts evoked potential-based brain-computer interface. Sci. Rep. 4: 4953.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Wystup, U. 2006. FX Options and Structured Products,. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

1. Fisenko, A. I. 2016. Black-body Radiative, Thermodynamic, and Chromatic Functions: Tables in Finite Spectral Ranges, (V. F. Lemberg, ed). Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chen, S.-H., C.-H. Yeh, and W.-J. Huang. 2009. Transmission Rate Enhancement for Scalable H.264/AVC Video over MIMO Wireless Systems. In Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2009: 10th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Bangkok, Thailand, December 15-18, 2009 Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science P. Muneesawang, F. Wu, I. Kumazawa, A. Roeksabutr, M. Liao, and X. Tang, eds. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 55–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Immunology.

Blog post

1. Luntz, S. 2014. Moons May Make It Harder to Find the Signature of Life. IFLScience .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. 1999. Y2K Computing Challenge: Day One Planning and Operations Guide,. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Edwards, K. 2017. Autism Spectrum Disorder and Social Narratives: Personalization of Delivery via Brief Experimental Analysis. .

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. McKINLEY, J. C., Jr., A. L. Baker, and A. Southall. 2016. Grandmother’s Killing Lays Bare Dilemma in Child Welfare Work. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Immunology
Abbreviation	J. Immunol.
ISSN (print)	0022-1767
ISSN (online)	1550-6606
Scope	Immunology