How to format your references using the The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries (JIDC). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brantley SL (2008) Geology. Understanding soil time. Science 321: 1454–1455.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shlomai A, Rice CM (2014) Virology. Getting rid of a persistent troublemaker to cure hepatitis. Science 343: 1212–1213.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hägglund C, Grätzel M, Kasemo B (2003) Comment on “efficient photochemical water splitting by a chemically modified n-TiO2” (II). Science 301: 1673; discussion 1673.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Scorrano L, Oakes SA, Opferman JT, Cheng EH, Sorcinelli MD, et al. (2003) BAX and BAK regulation of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+: a control point for apoptosis. Science 300: 135–139.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Briffaut J-P (2015) E-Enabled Operations Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Muhlbauer V, Chrisler JC, Denmark FL, editors (2015) Women and Aging: An International, Intersectional Power Perspective. Cham: Springer International Publishing. XVI, 172 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Delina LL (2011) Mitigating Climate Change Via Clean Energy Financing: An Assessment of the Asian Development Bank’s Mitigation Efforts in Southeast Asia. In Leal Filho W, editor. The Economic, Social and Political Elements of Climate Change. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 51–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Extinct Animal Found Alive and Well in New Zealand. IFLScience. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/extinct-animal-found-alive-and-well-new-zealand/. Accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1986) [Response to Request for Views on Application of P.L. 99-177 to Teacher Loan Cancellations]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kyereboah R (2015) Criteria For Appointing Board Members to Corporate Boards in Ghana [Doctoral dissertation]. Phoenix, AZ: University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard M (2010) Scouting Report. New York Times: E6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Abbreviation	J. Infect. Dev. Ctries.
ISSN (print)	2036-6590
ISSN (online)	1972-2680
Scope	Microbiology Parasitology Virology General Medicine Infectious Diseases