How to format your references using the The Journal of Physiological Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Physiological Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hubler GK (2000) Fluff balls of fire. Nature 403:487–488

A journal article with 2 authors

Reichmanis E, Nalamasu O (2002) Applied physics. Testing the limits for resists. Science 297:349–350

A journal article with 3 authors

McNamara AK, van Keken PE, Karato S-I (2002) Development of anisotropic structure in the Earth’s lower mantle by solid-state convection. Nature 416:310–314

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kaka S, Pufall MR, Rippard WH, et al (2005) Mutual phase-locking of microwave spin torque nano-oscillators. Nature 437:389–392

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hochberg Z (2011) Evo-Devo of Child Growth. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Al-Khayri JM, Jain SM, Johnson DV (2015) Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization: Volume 1: Africa and the Americas. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Papa DA, Markov IL (2013) Gate Sizing During Timing-Driven Placement. In: L. Markov I (ed) Multi-Objective Optimization in Physical Synthesis of Integrated Circuits. Springer, New York, NY, pp 65–80

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Physiological Sciences.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) New Hypothesis Shows How Supermassive Black Holes Formed. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/new-hypothesis-shows-how-supermassive-black-holes-formed/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2003) Highway Infrastructure: Perceptions of Stakeholders on Approaches to Reduce Highway Project Completion Time. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hunt SA (2012) A study of health care payment organizations’ culture and adaptability to revolutionary change. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kalogerakis G (2012) A Life in Pictures. New York Times MM50

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Physiological Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Physiol. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1880-6546
ISSN (online)	1880-6562
Scope	Physiology