How to format your references using the The Journal of Urology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Urology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zheng JQ: Turning of nerve growth cones induced by localized increases in intracellular calcium ions. Nature 2000; 403: 89–93.

A journal article with 2 authors

Luo J and Lai Y: Anisotropic zero-index waveguide with arbitrary shapes. Sci. Rep. 2014; 4: 5875.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cardinale BJ, Palmer MA and Collins SL: Species diversity enhances ecosystem functioning through interspecific facilitation. Nature 2002; 415: 426–429.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Negoro H, Lutz SE, Liou LS, et al: Pannexin 1 involvement in bladder dysfunction in a multiple sclerosis model. Sci. Rep. 2013; 3: 2152.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kovalenko NP, Krasny YP and Krey U: Physics of Amorphous Metals. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Kastensmidt F and Rech P eds: FPGAs and Parallel Architectures for Aerospace Applications: Soft Errors and Fault-Tolerant Design. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Lemaire V, Salperwyck C and Bondu A: A Survey on Supervised Classification on Data Streams. In: Business Intelligence: 4th European Summer School, eBISS 2014, Berlin, Germany, July 6-11, 2014, Tutorial Lectures. Edited by E Zimányi and R-D Kutsche. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Cham: Springer International Publishing 2015; pp 88–125.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Urology.

Blog post

Carpineti A: Physicists Show A Bizarre Connection Between Black Holes And Superfluid Helium. IFLScience 2017. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/physicists-show-a-bizarre-connection-between-black-holes-and-superfluid-helium/, accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Traffic Congestion: Road Pricing Can Help Reduce Congestion, but Equity Concerns May Grow. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thompson P: An exploratory study of work-related imagined interactions with real-life coworkers. 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J: Syndergaard Rethinks Training: Fewer Weights, More Flexibility. New York Times 2017: SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Urology
Abbreviation	J. Urol.
ISSN (print)	0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
Scope	Urology