How to format your references using the Theoretical and Applied Climatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical and Applied Climatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gutchess A (2014) Plasticity of the aging brain: new directions in cognitive neuroscience. Science 346:579–582

A journal article with 2 authors

Richardson AJ, Poloczanska ES (2008) Ocean science. Under-resourced, under threat. Science 320:1294–1295

A journal article with 3 authors

Wolfe JM, Horowitz TS, Kenner NM (2005) Cognitive psychology: rare items often missed in visual searches. Nature 435:439–440

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Stedman HH, Kozyak BW, Nelson A, et al (2004) Myosin gene mutation correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage. Nature 428:415–418

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Borgen UJ, Nakrem HA (2016) Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of osteolepiform fish. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Pattanaik PK, Tadenuma K, Xu Y, Yoshihara N (eds) (2008) Rational Choice and Social Welfare: Theory and Applications Essays in Honor of Kotaro Suzumura. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Jordan WR, Lubick GM (2011) Neglect. In: Lubick GM (ed) Making Nature Whole: A History of Ecological Restoration. Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, Washington, DC, pp 85–105

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical and Applied Climatology.

Blog post

Andrew D (2016) Can We Predict Who Will Become Mass Shooters? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Improving the Collection of Debts Owed the Government. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bible PW (2013) Integrating Heterogeneous Datasets for Functional Profiling of Transcription Factors and Their Target Genes. Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz J, Schlossberg T (2016) Little Debating a Climate Divide. New York Times D5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gutchess 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Richardson and Poloczanska 2008; Gutchess 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Richardson and Poloczanska 2008)
Three or more authors: (Stedman et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical and Applied Climatology
Abbreviation	Theor. Appl. Climatol.
ISSN (print)	0177-798X
ISSN (online)	1434-4483
Scope	Atmospheric Science