How to format your references using the Theoretical Population Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Theoretical Population Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mervis, J., 2000. 2001 BUDGET: Spending Bills Show No Sign of Surplus--Yet. Science 289, 31.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wayland, B., Fu, X., 2006. Chemistry. Building molecules with carbon monoxide reductive coupling. Science 311, 790–791.

A journal article with 3 authors

Courtial, J., Leach, J., Padgett, M.J., 2001. Fractals in pixellated video feedback. Nature 414, 864.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zandt, G., Gilbert, H., Owens, T.J., Ducea, M., Saleeby, J., Jones, C.H., 2004. Active foundering of a continental arc root beneath the southern Sierra Nevada in California. Nature 431, 41–46.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ferrari, M.L., Damo, U.M., Turan, A., Sánchez, D., 2017. Hybrid Systems Based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Velu, R.K. (Ed.), 2013. Microbiological Research In Agroecosystem Management. Springer India, New Delhi.

A chapter in an edited book

Correll, N., Martinoli, A., 2006. System Identification of Self-Organizing Robotic Swarms, in: Gini, M., Voyles, R. (Eds.), Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems 7. Springer Japan, Tokyo, pp. 31–40.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Theoretical Population Biology.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. How Remotely Controlled Mice Could Lead to Diabetes Treatment [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/how-remotely-controlled-mice-could-lead-diabetes-treatment/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1997. FCC: Non-Voice, Non-Geostationary Mobile Satellite Service (No. OGC-98-11). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Joubert, B.R., 2009. Human genetic susceptibility to mother to child transmission of HIV: A study of mother-infant pairs in Malawi (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2011. Armstrong Can’t Break Away From Doping Charges. New York Times B14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mervis, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Mervis, 2000; Wayland and Fu, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wayland and Fu, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Zandt et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Theoretical Population Biology
Abbreviation	Theor. Popul. Biol.
ISSN (print)	0040-5809
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics