How to format your references using the Wildlife Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Wildlife Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Herculano-Houzel, S. 2013. Neuroscience. Sleep it out. - Science 342: 316–317.

A journal article with 2 authors

Calabrese, E. J. and Baldwin, L. A. 2003. Toxicology rethinks its central belief. - Nature 421: 691–692.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kayukawa, T., Tateishi, K. and Shinoda, T. 2013. Establishment of a versatile cell line for juvenile hormone signaling analysis in Tribolium castaneum. - Sci. Rep. 3: 1570.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li, H., Feng, X., Guo, Y., Chen, D., Li, R., Ren, X., Jiang, X., Dong, Y. and Wang, B. 2014. A malonitrile-functionalized metal-organic framework for hydrogen sulfide detection and selective amino acid molecular recognition. - Sci. Rep. 4: 4366.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kim, D. M. 2015. Introductory Quantum Mechanics for Applied Nanotechnology. - Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

2013. Sendai Virus Vector: Advantages and Applications (Y Nagai, Ed.). - Springer Japan.

A chapter in an edited book

Muenchen, R. A. and Hilbe, J. M. 2010. Help and Documentation. - In: Hilbe, J. M. (ed), R for Stata Users. Statistics and Computing. Springer, pp. 37–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Wildlife Biology.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. 2016. This Might Be The Slowest Pulsar We’ve Ever Found. - IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1993. Los Angeles Metro Rail System.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Saifman, H. P. 2017. Millennial Nurse Manager Perspectives on Their Leadership Roles in the Hospital Setting: A Phenomenological Inquiry.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Detrick, B. 2017. Et Al. - New York Times: D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Herculano-Houzel 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Calabrese and Baldwin 2003, Herculano-Houzel 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Calabrese and Baldwin 2003)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Wildlife Biology
Abbreviation	Wildlife Biol.
ISSN (print)	0909-6396
ISSN (online)	1903-220X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation