How to format your references using the Accident Analysis and Prevention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Accident Analysis and Prevention. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clarke, T., 2003. Infection risk puts the brakes on Canada’s biomedical research. Nature 422 6933 , 652.

A journal article with 2 authors

Macnaghten, P., Owen, R., 2011. Environmental science: good governance for geoengineering. Nature 479 7373 , 293.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ding, Y.S., Chan, C.T., Wang, R.P., 2013. Optical waves in a gradient negative-index lens of a half-infinite length. Sci. Rep. 3, 2954.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Katsuda, T., Tsuchiya, R., Kosaka, N., Yoshioka, Y., Takagaki, K., Oki, K., Takeshita, F., Sakai, Y., Kuroda, M., Ochiya, T., 2013. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells secrete functional neprilysin-bound exosomes. Sci. Rep. 3, 1197.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blicq, R.S., Moretto, L.A., 2015. Writing Reports to Get Results. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA.

An edited book

Maeda, T., Gautier, P.-E., Hanson, C.E., Hemsworth, B., Nelson, J.T., Schulte-Werning, B., Thompson, D., Vos, P. de (Eds.), 2012. Noise and Vibration Mitigation for Rail Transportation Systems: Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on RailwayNoise, Nagahama, Japan, 18–22 October 2010, Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design. Springer Japan, Tokyo.

A chapter in an edited book

Gao, R.X., Yan, R., 2011. Discrete Wavelet Transform, in: Yan, R. (Ed.), Wavelets: Theory and Applications for Manufacturing. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 49–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Accident Analysis and Prevention.

Blog post

Hamilton, K., 2017. Why You Should Donate Your Data (As Well As Your Organs) When You Die [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-you-should-donate-your-data-as-well-as-your-organs-when-you-die/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1996. Mass Transit: Actions Needed for the BART Airport Extension (No. RCED-96-176). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chen, X.S., 2017. Social Support Communication Behavior, Anxiety Symptomatology, and Marital Satisfaction Among Distressed Couples (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wasik, J.F., 2016. Mold-Busting Financial Start-Ups Led by Industry Veterans. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Clarke, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Clarke, 2003; Macnaghten and Owen, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Macnaghten and Owen, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Katsuda et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Accident Analysis and Prevention
Abbreviation	Accid. Anal. Prev.
ISSN (print)	0001-4575
ISSN (online)	1879-2057
Scope	Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality General Medicine Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Human Factors and Ergonomics Law