How to format your references using the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (AJRCCM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Good MF. Immunology. Pasteur approach to a malaria vaccine may take the lead. Science 2013;341:1352–1353.

A journal article with 2 authors

Savill J, Fadok V. Corpse clearance defines the meaning of cell death. Nature 2000;407:784–788.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mendell JT, ap Rhys CMJ, Dietz HC. Separable roles for rent1/hUpf1 in altered splicing and decay of nonsense transcripts. Science 2002;298:419–422.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ling L, Jiafeng J, Jiangang L, Minchong S, Xin H, Hanliang S, et al. Effects of cold plasma treatment on seed germination and seedling growth of soybean. Sci Rep 2014;4:5859.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Casandjian C, Challamel N, Lanos C, Hellesland J. Reinforced Concrete Beams, Columns and Frames. Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

P. Dicks A. Green Chemistry Metrics: A Guide to Determining and Evaluating Process Greenness. In: Hent A, editor. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Colussi IA. The Role of Responsible Stewardship in Nanotechnology and Synthetic Biology. In: Arnaldi S, Ferrari A, Magaudda P, Marin F, editors. Responsibility in Nanotechnology Development Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014. p. 53–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Blog post

Fang J. Male Seahorse Pregnancies Aren’t That Peculiar. IFLScience 2015;at <https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/male-seahorse-pregnancies-arent-peculiar/>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Progress Made at Department of Labor, But Key Systems at Risk. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Grasis JA. Controlling T lymphocyte activation with a molecular rheostat. 2008;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt LF. The Legacies They Left. New York Times 2006;

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Abbreviation	Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
ISSN (print)	1073-449X
ISSN (online)	1535-4970
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine