How to format your references using the Annals of Diagnostic Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Pillarisetty R. Academic and industry research progress in germanium nanodevices. Nature 2011;479:324–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Sugavaneshwar RP, Nanda KK. Uninterrupted and reusable source for the controlled growth of nanowires. Sci Rep 2013;3:1172.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hansen LN, Zimmerman ME, Kohlstedt DL. Laboratory measurements of the viscous anisotropy of olivine aggregates. Nature 2012;492:415–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Bai Y, Han X, Zheng X-C, Qiao L. Both high reliability and giant electrocaloric strength in BaTiO₃ ceramics. Sci Rep 2013;3:2895.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Featherstone H, Holt E. Small Animal Ophthalmology. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Zain JM, Wan Mohd WM bt, El-Qawasmeh E, editors. Software Engineering and Computer Systems: Second International Conference, ICSECS 2011, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, June 27-29, 2011, Proceedings, Part II. vol. 180. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Wan X, Liu G. Automatic Navigation System with Multiple Sensors. In: Li D, editor. Computer And Computing Technologies In Agriculture, Volume II: First IFIP TC 12 International Conference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture (CCTA 2007), Wuyishan, China, August 18-20, 2007, Boston, MA: Springer US; 2008, p. 769–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. How to Make a Fire Tornado at Home. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/want-make-fire-tornado-home/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Airport and Airway Trust Fund: Declining Balance Raises Concerns over Ability to Meet Future Demands. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Nye KM. Crème de Pêche. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly M. First Lady and Top Official Visit, Both Named Hillary Clinton. New York Times 1993:B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
Abbreviation	Ann. Diagn. Pathol.
ISSN (print)	1092-9134
Scope	General Medicine Pathology and Forensic Medicine