How to format your references using the Annals of Saudi Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Saudi Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaiser J. PLANT GENETICS:From Genome to Functional Genomics. Science. 2000 Jun 9;288(5472):1715a.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zamore PD, Haley B. Ribo-gnome: the big world of small RNAs. Science. 2005 Sep 2;309(5740):1519–24.

A journal article with 3 authors

Imai T, Suzuki M, Sakano H. Odorant receptor-derived cAMP signals direct axonal targeting. Science. 2006 Oct 27;314(5799):657–61.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yoon H, Yamashita M, Ata S, Futaba DN, Yamada T, Hata K. Controlling exfoliation in order to minimize damage during dispersion of long SWCNTs for advanced composites. Sci Rep. 2014 Jan 28;4:3907.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aasma A, Dutta H, Natarajan PN. An Introductory Course in Summability Theory. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Schäfer AO. MRI of Rectal Cancer: Clinical Atlas. Langer M, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. XII, 215 p. 500 illus.

A chapter in an edited book

Geetika Vyas, Amita Sharma. Examining Usability of Classes in Collaboration with SPL Feature Model. In: Satapathy SC, Bhatt YC, Joshi A, Mishra DK, editors. Proceedings of the International Congress on Information and Communication Technology: ICICT 2015, Volume 1. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 31–7. (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Saudi Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Jupiter’s Largest Moon Gets Mapped For the First Time. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/jupiter’s-largest-moon-gets-mapped-first-time/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Advisory Groups: DOT and DOE Can Take Steps to Better Assess Duplication Risk and Enhance Usefulness. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012 Mar. Report No.: GAO-12-472.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Warren KL. Agents of change: A new role for learners in online workplace training [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. Inside Hamlet. New York Times. 2017 Jul 14;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Saudi Medicine
Abbreviation	Ann. Saudi Med.
ISSN (print)	0256-4947
ISSN (online)	0975-4466
Scope	General Medicine