How to format your references using the Applied Network Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Network Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kim SK (2007) Cell biology. Proteins that promote long life. Science 317:603–604

A journal article with 2 authors

Li JW-H, Vederas JC (2009) Drug discovery and natural products: end of an era or an endless frontier? Science 325:161–165

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang Z, Pakoulev A, Dlott DD (2002) Watching vibrational energy transfer in liquids with atomic spatial resolution. Science 296:2201–2203

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Morton PE, Hicks A, Nastos T, et al (2013) CAR regulates epithelial cell junction stability through control of E-cadherin trafficking. Sci Rep 3:2889

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Doldi L (2005) Validation of Communications Systems with SDL. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Hava D (2012) Charismatic Leadership in Singapore: Three Extraordinary People. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Gonçalves RC, Pereira J, Jiménez-Peris R (2016) An RDMA Middleware for Asynchronous Multi-stage Shuffling in Analytical Processing. In: Jelasity M, Kalyvianaki E (eds) Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems: 16th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, DAIS 2016, Held as Part of the 11th International Federated Conference on Distributed Computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2016, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 6-9, 2016, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 61–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Network Science.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Why Do We Get Hangovers? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-do-we-get-hangovers/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Aviation Security: TSA Has Strengthened Efforts to Plan for the Optimal Deployment of Checked Baggage Screening Systems, but Funding Uncertainties Remain. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Conti AI (2012) Dirty hands, virtue ethics, and consequentialism. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2013) Off Without a Hitch. New York Times F1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kim 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Kim 2007; Li and Vederas 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Li and Vederas 2009)
Three or more authors: (Morton et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Network Science
Abbreviation	Appl. Netw. Sci.
ISSN (online)	2364-8228
Scope