How to format your references using the Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Paine, R. T. (2002). Trophic control of production in a rocky intertidal community. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5568), 736–739.

A journal article with 2 authors

Coles, P., & Chiang, L. Y. (2000). Characterizing the nonlinear growth of large-scale structure in the Universe. Nature, 406(6794), 376–378.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pilet, S., Baker, M. B., & Stolper, E. M. (2008). Metasomatized lithosphere and the origin of alkaline lavas. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5878), 916–919.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Trocha, P., Karpov, M., Ganin, D., Pfeiffer, M. H. P., Kordts, A., Wolf, S., et al. (2018). Ultrafast optical ranging using microresonator soliton frequency combs. Science (New York, N.Y.), 359(6378), 887–891.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Guzinski, J., Abu-Rub, H., & Strankowski, P. (2015). Variable Speed AC Drives with Inverter Output Filters. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Meersman, R., Panetto, H., Dillon, T., Rinderle-Ma, S., Dadam, P., Zhou, X., et al. (Eds.). (2012). On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2012: Confederated International Conferences: CoopIS, DOA-SVI, and ODBASE 2012, Rome, Italy, September 10-14, 2012. Proceedings, Part II (Vol. 7566). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Sensabaugh, G. F. (2009). Microbial Community Profiling for the Characterisation of Soil Evidence: Forensic Considerations. In K. Ritz, L. Dawson, & D. Miller (Eds.), Criminal and Environmental Soil Forensics (pp. 49–60). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2016, September 28). “Penis Worm” Mouth Monster: How We Solved A Prehistoric Mystery. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/penis-worm-mouth-monster-how-we-solved-a-prehistoric-mystery/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2011). Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Temporary Emergency Impact Aid Provided Education Support for Displaced Students (No. GAO-11-839). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Choubey, L. (2015). Quantitative Assessment of Fgfr1 Expression in Neurons and Glia of the Developing Mouse Brain (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. (2008, March 9). A Builder of Broadway’s World, From ‘Chicago’ to ‘Spamalot.’ New York Times, p. WE6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Paine 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Coles and Chiang 2000; Paine 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Coles and Chiang 2000)
Three or more authors: (Trocha et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
Abbreviation	Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback
ISSN (print)	1090-0586
ISSN (online)	1573-3270
Scope	Applied Psychology Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology