How to format your references using the Clinical Research in Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Research in Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Serrano M (2011) Cancer: final act of senescence. Nature 479:481–482

A journal article with 2 authors

Forterre Y, Dumais J (2011) Materials science. Generating helices in nature. Science 333:1715–1716

A journal article with 3 authors

Gambetta MC, Oktaba K, Müller J (2009) Essential role of the glycosyltransferase sxc/Ogt in polycomb repression. Science 325:93–96

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Niikura H, Légaré F, Hasbani R, et al (2002) Sub-laser-cycle electron pulses for probing molecular dynamics. Nature 417:917–922

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nguyen TH (2016) Leaders and Innovators. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Grothaus M (2011) Taking Your iPhone to the Max, iOS 5 Edition. Apress, Berkeley, CA

A chapter in an edited book

Gruen A, Broadley MR, Buchner P, Hawkesford MJ (2014) Efficient Mineral Nutrition: Genetic Improvement of Phosphate Uptake and Use Efficiency in Crops. In: Hawkesford MJ, Kopriva S, De Kok LJ (eds) Nutrient Use Efficiency in Plants: Concepts and Approaches. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 93–132

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Research in Cardiology.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) Top Secret Cold War Nuclear Missile Base Unearthed By Climate Change. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1978) Minimum Requirements Are Needed for Colleges and Universities To Justify Research Equipment Purchases. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cong M (2015) Predictive models of cytotoxicity as mediated by exposure to environmental toxicants and drugs. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart JB (2017) 2016’s Top Investors Offer Their Insights Into the Year Ahead. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Research in Cardiology
Abbreviation	Clin. Res. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	1861-0684
ISSN (online)	1861-0692
Scope	General Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine