How to format your references using the Energy for Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Energy for Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pielke, R. A., Jr. (2005). Meteorology: are there trends in hurricane destruction? Nature, 438(7071), E11; discussion E13.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zarin, D. A., & Tse, T. (2008). Medicine. Moving toward transparency of clinical trials. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5868), 1340–1342.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cappellini, E., Collins, M. J., & Gilbert, M. T. P. (2014). Biochemistry. Unlocking ancient protein palimpsests. Science (New York, N.Y.), 343(6177), 1320–1322.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Gomez-Nicola, D., Riecken, K., Fehse, B., & Perry, V. H. (2014). In-vivo RGB marking and multicolour single-cell tracking in the adult brain. Scientific Reports, 4, 7520.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

El-Rewini, H., & Abd-El-Barr, M. (2004). Advanced Computer Architecture and Parallel Processing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Jiang, X., Bellon, O. R. P., Goldgof, D., & Oishi, T. (Eds.). (2013). Advances in Depth Image Analysis and Applications: International Workshop, WDIA 2012, Tsukuba, Japan, November 11, 2012, Revised Selected and Invited Papers (Vol. 7854). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Tian, W.-C., & Finehout, E. (2009). Microfluidic Systems for Protein Separations. In E. Finehout & W.-C. Tian (Eds.), Microfluidics for Biological Applications (pp. 165–184). Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Energy for Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, September 22). Scientists Develop Mantis Shrimp-Inspired Sensors That Can Detect Cancer. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/scientists-develop-mantis-shrimp-inspired-sensors-can-detect-cancer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2012). Telecommunications: Exposure and Testing Requirements for Mobile Phones Should Be Reassessed (GAO-12-771). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frost, D. C. (2009). Quantitative correlational study of communication satisfaction related to organizational proximity and face-to-face communication [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. (2012, March 1). Texas Association Criticized for Ruling on Jewish Team. New York Times, B16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pielke, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Pielke, 2005; Zarin & Tse, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zarin & Tse, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Gomez-Nicola et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Energy for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Energy Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	0973-0826
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development