How to format your references using the European Journal of Surgical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Surgical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Eisenstein M. Protein arrays: growing pains. Nature 2006;444:959–62.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Rioux JD, Abbas AK. Paths to understanding the genetic basis of autoimmune disease. Nature 2005;435:584–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Keith DW, Parson E, Morgan MG. Research on global sun block needed now. Nature 2010;463:426–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Busemeyer L, Ruckelshausen A, Möller K, Melchinger AE, Alheit KV, Maurer HP, et al. Precision phenotyping of biomass accumulation in triticale reveals temporal genetic patterns of regulation. Sci Rep 2013;3:2442.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Perlmutter DD, Rothstein RL. The Challenge of Climate Change. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Junger-Tas J, Decker SH, editors. International Handbook of Juvenile Justice. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Armaselu B, Daescu O. Algorithms for Fair Partitioning of Convex Polygons. In: Zhang Z, Wu L, Xu W, Du D-Z, editors. Combinatorial Optimization and Applications: 8th International Conference, COCOA 2014, Wailea, Maui, HI, USA, December 19-21, 2014, Proceedings, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 53–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Surgical Oncology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. The Bronx Zoo Has Two New Gorillas! IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bronx-zoo-has-two-new-gorillas/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Implementation of the Technology Transfer Act: A Preliminary Assessment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Gogni de Tolentino MG. Challenges and successes of monolingual Spanish-speaking foster parents. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Saslow L. Playing in Cooperstown, On a Team of Their Own. New York Times 2008:LI5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Surgical Oncology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Surg. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0748-7983
Scope	General Medicine Oncology Surgery