How to format your references using the Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Leitner, W. (2000). Designed to dissolve. Nature 405, 129–130.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sininger, Y. S., and Cone-Wesson, B. (2004). Asymmetric cochlear processing mimics hemispheric specialization. Science 305, 1581.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rankenburg, K., Brandon, A. D., and Neal, C. R. (2006). Neodymium isotope evidence for a chondritic composition of the Moon. Science 312, 1369–1372.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Beckmann, B., Flögel, S., Hofmann, P., Schulz, M., and Wagner, T. (2005). Orbital forcing of Cretaceous river discharge in tropical Africa and ocean response. Nature 437, 241–244.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ryan, T. P. (2011). Statistical Methods for Quality Improvement: Ryan/Quality Improvement 3E. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Tweedale, J. W., Jain, L. C., Watada, J., and Howlett, R. J. eds. (2015). Knowledge-Based Information Systems in Practice. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Pérez O., J., Pazos R., R. A., Frausto-Solís, J., Reyes S., G., Santaolaya S., R., Fraire H., H. J., et al. (2005). “An Approach for Solving Very Large Scale Instances of the Design Distribution Problem for Distributed Database Systems,” in Advanced Distributed Systems: 5th International School and Symposium, ISSADS 2005, Guadalajara, Mexico, January 24-28, 2005, Revised Selected Papers, eds. F. F. Ramos, V. Larios Rosillo, and H. Unger (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 33–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2016). How Do Women Deal With Their Periods In Space? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-women-can-deal-their-periods-space/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004). Public Community Colleges and Technical Schools: Most Schools Use Both Credit and Noncredit Programs for Workforce Development. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bratton, E. W. (2012). Clinical management and outcomes of patients in the Duke Cryptococcosis Clinical Cohort, 1996 - 2009. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2001). Uncle Junior, a k a Dominic Chianese, Sings His Album, “Hits” (of Course). New York Times, 146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Leitner, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Leitner, 2000; Sininger and Cone-Wesson, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sininger and Cone-Wesson, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Beckmann et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention
Abbreviation	Front. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	2234-943X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology