How to format your references using the Frontiers in Computational Physiology and Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Computational Physiology and Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Butler, D. (2003). Quake triggers research expedition. Nature 423, 673.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ruths, J., and Ruths, D. (2014). Control profiles of complex networks. Science 343, 1373–1376.

A journal article with 3 authors

Babu, M. M., Kriwacki, R. W., and Pappu, R. V. (2012). Structural biology. Versatility from protein disorder. Science 337, 1460–1461.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Xu, J., Peng, C., Sankaran, V. G., Shao, Z., Esrick, E. B., Chong, B. G., et al. (2011). Correction of sickle cell disease in adult mice by interference with fetal hemoglobin silencing. Science 334, 993–996.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gray, D. R. J. M., and Al-Ani, D. M. Z. (2011). Temporomandibular Disorders. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Jain, P. K. (2013). Financial Management Practices: An Empirical Study of Indian Corporates., eds. S. Singh and S. S. Yadav. New Delhi: Springer India.

A chapter in an edited book

Schrage, N. (2011). “Physiopathology of the Cornea and Physiopathology of Eye Burns,” in Chemical Ocular Burns: New Understanding and Treatments, eds. F. Burgher, J. Blomet, L. Bodson, M. Gerard, A. Hall, P. Josset, et al. (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 59–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Computational Physiology and Medicine.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2015). Scientists Have Reconstructed The Hearing Abilities Of Our Ancestors. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/reconstructing-hearing-ability-2-million-year-old-hominins-shows-some-important/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015). Aviation Security: TSA Has Taken Steps to Improve Vetting of Airport Workers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sevier, J. (2013). A preventative and treatment substance use program for GLBT adolescents in Long Beach: A grant proposal. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, M. J. O. (2013). Beyond the Whimsy, Sushi With Ambition. New York Times, LI7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Butler, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Butler, 2003; Ruths and Ruths, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ruths and Ruths, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Xu et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Computational Physiology and Medicine
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)