How to format your references using the Hellenic Journal of Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hellenic Journal of Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Check E. Abbott’s AIDS fight-back. Nature. 2007 Jul 5;448(7149):14.

A journal article with 2 authors

Junquera J, Ghosez P. Critical thickness for ferroelectricity in perovskite ultrathin films. Nature. 2003 Apr 3;422(6931):506–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kennedy MJ, Pevear DR, Hill RJ. Mineral surface control of organic carbon in black shale. Science. 2002 Jan 25;295(5555):657–60.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Martrat B, Grimalt JO, Lopez-Martinez C, Cacho I, Sierro FJ, Flores JA, et al. Abrupt temperature changes in the Western Mediterranean over the past 250,000 years. Science. 2004 Dec 3;306(5702):1762–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Allen MW. Michael Allen’s Guide to e-Learning. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Paulsen MB, editor. Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research: Volume 28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. XVII, 733 p. 25 illus. (Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research; vol. 28).

A chapter in an edited book

Laasch HU. Current Designs of Self-Expanding Stents. In: Kozarek R, Baron T, Song HY, editors. Self-Expandable Stents in the Gastrointestinal Tract. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. p. 51–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hellenic Journal of Surgery.

Blog post

Andrew D. Do We Really Need To Do Five Times As Much Exercise As We’ve Been Told? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/do-we-really-need-to-do-five-times-as-much-exercise-as-weve-been-told/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Global Positioning System Augmentations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996 Feb. Report No.: RCED-96-74R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lowrance TL. Exploring the Four Modes of Organizational Forgetting in an Organization Post Acquisition [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Hermitage Museum Anniversary Plans. New York Times. 2014 Dec 8;C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Hellenic Journal of Surgery
Abbreviation	Hell. Cheirourgike
ISSN (print)	0018-0092
ISSN (online)	1868-8845
Scope